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When stock markets gyrate and growth prospects darken, it's tempting to rein in innovation programs and hoard cash. Management has made promises to senior executives about what a project will achieve, and fixedcosts have built up because they looked prudent in comparison to planned revenues.
In many industries, the capital required to build an asset of minimum efficient scale is growing. For instance, the cost of building and equipping a leading-edge semiconductor fab has climbed to $7 billion, as the technology required to make more advanced chips is getting more complex. Model 2: Asset capacity pooling.
During an economic crisis, the exaggerated decline in orders can be especially damaging to upstream suppliers that have high fixedcosts tied to production assets. It reached a peak on June 12 and then proceeded to lose over 40% of its value by the end of August despite efforts by the Chinese government to prop up the market.
The first category is exogenous factors over which the business has little control: the growth of the markets into which it sells; the competitive intensity and thus the average profitability of the industry in which it operates; or the fragmentation of its industry and thus the scope for a growth-by-acquisition approach.
For example, a decade ago, it''s unlikely that small-business owners would have told you that they needed a flexible way to host data and applications, one that preferably turned the fixedcost of computer hardware into a variable cost of renting capacity. When the company rides an enabling trend.
However, firms can efficiently increase margin growth without much revenue growth by managing to squeeze out their fixedcosts to service the same level of output. What if concentrated market power of a few companies in an industry has made these companies more profitable than usual? Are all share repurchases myopic?
As Marshall Van Alstyne, Geoffrey Parker, and Sangeet Choudary articulated recently in HBR , “With a platform, the critical asset is the community and the resources of its members.” On any given day in America, 40% of hospital beds lie empty, their enormous fixedcosts weighing heavily on the system.
For instance, larger scale has enabled many hospital systems to lower their per-patient operating costs significantly. However, reform and other market changes are altering the scale equation for hospital systems, so some of the traditional advantages that larger scale has traditionally brought them may no longer apply.
It’s hard to tell what’s leadership prowess and what’s luck when you’re in a rising market. We went back and ran an analysis on the cash-to-assets ratio of companies that did really well in these kinds of environments, even when they were small. And if we do that, we can’t help but grow revenues per fixedcost.
And the same applies to the affected workers: The tight labor market means there are opportunities for those who go through retraining. Capital-intensive factories have a high-fixed-cost, low-variable-cost operating model. Another issue involves reallocating resources in the face of fundamental market shifts.
Over the past two decades, there have been many attempts to reform the electric utility market. Consider how Uber opened up the transportation market. So the company mobilized existing, under-utilized assets and connected them to a sharable revenue stream. This story of disruption should feel familiar.
As the job market evolves, companies are experimenting with various employment types to build more flexible staffing models. One reason for this is the cost of slow hiring. However, top candidates are usually off the market in just 10 days. Cost management: You must carefully weigh the costs of different employment types.
. “Chicago School economics,” Rosch writes, “posits that competitors (including dominant firms) are likely to engage in rational and efficiency-enhancing conduct rather than conduct whose purpose and effect is simply to eliminate rivals, and, if they do not, markets are likely to correct themselves.”
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